Following the collapse of its asset-price bubble in the early 1990s, Japan entered a prolonged period of economic stagnation and deflation known as the "Lost Decade." This crisis challenged the pillars of the nation's post-war economic model. The period was characterized by the widespread cultural norm of the "salaryman," associated with practices such as lifetime employment, seniority-based wages, and notably long working hours. The term "karoshi" (death from overwork) entered public discourse during this era, highlighting social concerns.